X Class Chemistry Important Questions

X Class – Chemistry Important Questions

Unit-I- Atomic Structure

Short

What is the relation between Ionization energy and Atomic Size?
Write down the electronic configuration of(a) Magnesium, (b) Chromium, (c) Phosphorus , (d) Copper, (e) Zinc, (f) Calcium
What is Nodal plane?
What is Pauli’s exclusion principle?
Define Ionization Potential.
Define electron affinity.
What is meant by stationary orbit?
Distinguish between orbit and orbital?
Explain why electron enters into 4s orbital but not 3d after filling 3p orbital?

Long

Write the postulates of Boar’s Atomic model.
State the hund’s rule and explain with an example?
Define the ionization energy. Mention the factors that influence it?
Write the important features of Ruther ford’s planetary model and its defects.

Diagrams

S orbital
P orbital
d orbital
Moellers diagram.

Unit-II- Chemical Bond

Short

Name the two molecules having pyramidal shape.

Long
Explain how sigma and pi bonds are formed.
How is double bond formed? Explain with an example?
Explain the formation of co-ordinate covalent bond with an example?
Explain the formation of triple bond with an example?
Explain with a diagram the bond formation in Hydrogen Chloride and Nitrogen Molecule?

Diagrams

Formation of N2 Molecule.
Shape of PCl5 molecule.
Shape of Ammonium molecule.
H2O molecule.
Shape of PCl3 molecule.

Unit-III-Classification Of Elements

Short

On what property of atom, does the medeleef’s periodic law is based.
How the atomic size changes in a period and a group? Why?
Why does atomic size decreases from left to right in a period?
Which group of elements in a periodic table can be used as reducing agents?
How does the ionization energy vary in a period and in a group?


Long

Explain how do the following changes in a period and group? (a). Electro negative character (b) Electro Positive character. (c) . Oxidizing property (d). Reducing Property.

Unit-IV- Alkaline Earth Metals

Short

NaCl and KCl are added during extraction of Magnesium from MgCl2. Why?
How many water molecules are present in Epsom Salt?

Long

Write the reactions of (a) Oxygen (b) Hydrogen and Chlorine with Group II A element.

Diagrams

Draw a neat diagram of Extraction of Magnesium from its ore Label its parts.

Unit-V- Solutions

Short

Define mole fraction?
Give one example for each of polar and non-polar solvents.
Calculate the number of moles of NaOH present in 750 ml of 0.4M solutions.
2,12 grams of Na2CO3 is present in 500ml of its solution. Calculate the molarity of the solution. Molecular weight of Na2Co3 is 106.
The weight percentage of NaCl solution is 10. If the weight of solution is 150 grams, calculate the weight of NaCl.
Calculate the amount of NaOH is 250 ml of 0.5m solution of NaOH. Molecular weight of NaOH is 40.
15ml of Hexane is mixed with 45ml of Heptane calculate the volume percentage of this solution.
10 grams of sodium carbonate is present in 120 grams of its aqueous solution. Calculate the weight percentage.

Long

Calculate the number of moles of oxalic acid present in 400ml of 0.025 M Oxalic acid solution.
4 grams of NaOH (mal wet=40) is dissolved in 16.2 grams of water (Mol.wt=18) Calculate the mole fraction of NaOH and Water.
How do you prepare a 0.1M standard Na2CO3 solution?

Unit-VI- Acids And Basis

Short

What do you mean by “Strong Acid” ?
What do you mean by “Strong Base” ?
What do you mean by “Weak Acid” ?
What do you mean by “Weak Base” ?
Define heat of neutralization? Give its value for reaction between a strong acid and strong base?
Ionic product of water?
Explain pH.scale.
Write short note on structure of acids and bases?
Distinguish between H= and [H+].
Calculate pH of 0.002M Hcl.
Write two chemical properties of acids with two equations.
Calculate the pH of 0.001mHCl.

Long

Write the Arrhenius theory of acids and bases and the defects of theory.
Write short notes on (a) pH (b) Structure of Acids and Bases.
Write short notes on (a) Limitations of Arrhenius theory of acids and bases. (b) Heat of Neutralization.

Unit-VII- Chemistry Of Carbon Compounds

Short

What is an Allotropy?
What is Catenation?
Explain the substitution reactions of alkanes?
Why does diamond acts as a bad conductor of electricity?
State the differences between Alkanes and Alkenes?

Long

Write the Chemical Equation for the addition reactions of alkenes with H2 and Cl2.
Compare the structures of Diamond and Graphite?
What are Alkenes? Write the substitution and combustion reactions of Alkenes?

Diagrams

Draw the structure of Benzene molecules?

Unit-VIII- Carbohydrates

Short

How is Benedict’s reagent prepared?
What is sulphitation?
How do you perform (a) Toll en’s test and (b) Benedict’s test for detecting sugar?

Long

Explain the manufacture of sugar from sugarcane with a diagram.
Define proteins write about the classification of proteins?
How is glucose tested with (a) Toll en’s reagent (b) Benedicts reagent?
What are protenes? How does a pepeptide bond formed? Mention the important functions of protens?
What are the proteins? Write about the classification of proteins?

Diagrams

1. Manufacture of Alcohol.
2. Manufacture of Sugar from Sugarcane

Unit-IX- Oils And Fats

Short

What is saphonification?
What is a soap?
What is Detergent?
Why do saving soaps give slow drying lather?
What is hydrogenation of Oils?
Give the differences between soaps and detergents?
Mention four industrial uses of oils?

Long

How is quality of soap tested or give the qualitative test for soap with equation?
What are detergents? Explain the stages of preparation of detergents?

Diagrams

Hydrogenation of Oils.

Unit-X- Chemistry And Industry

Short

What are micro fertilizers? Write its uses?
Mention the names of any two chromophares.
What are adhesives?
What arte amino acids? Give example.
What is polymerization?
What is Annealing?

Long

What are drugs? Give the characteristics of ideal drug?
Write a short note on (a) Synthetic adhesives-uses. (b). Pottery and earth ware.
Describe briefly cold cream and face power mentioning their ingredients?
What is a drug? How are they classified as per, therapeutic action?
Describe different types of fertilizers? Explain the role of fertilizers in providing nutrients to the soil?
What is fractination? Describe about petroleum factination and mention principle products obtained in Fractination of petroleum.

Diagrams

1. Sketch the structure of paracetamal drug molecule?

X Class Physics Important Questions